ABSTRACT
Background: Acromion morphology has an important role in impingement syndrome and pathogenesis of rotator cuff diseases. Coracoid process is involved in many surgical procedures of shoulder joint. Dimensions of glenoid process are essential in designing glenoid components for total shoulder replacement. Aim of the study was to measure the various dimensions and note the morphology of acromion, coracoid and glenoid processes of scapula.Methods: Fourty two scapulae (24 right, 18 left) were used and the dimensions of the three processes were measured with digital Vernier calipers.Results: The findings were as follows- length of acromion- 43.57±5.13 mm; width of acromion- 25.03±3.57 mm; acromio-coracoid distance- 33.09±7.02 mm; acromio-glenoid distance- 25.24±4.05 mm; height of coraco-acromial arch- 15.17±3.8 mm; length of coracoid- 38.73±3.72 mm; width of coracoid- 14.28±2.36 mm; tip thickness of coracoid- 8.61±1.89 mm; height of base coracoid- 12.91±2.88 mm; width of base of coracoid- 22.31±3.54 mm; height of glenoid- 34.18±3.53 mm; superior antero-posterior glenoid length- 15.35±2.35 mm and inferior antero-posterior glenoid length- 23.9±2.52 mm.Conclusions: The results will be highly relevant in orthopaedic surgery and manufacturing shoulder prosthesis.
ABSTRACT
Background: Arthritis and injuries of the knee are frequently managed by knee arthroplasty. Knee prosthesis thus used needs population specific appropriate sizing. The aim of the study is to analyse tibial plateau morphometrically.Methods: The study included 46 human tibia bones (28 left and 18 right). The anteroposterior length and transverse width of superior articular surface of both tibial condyles along with the anteroposterior length and transverse measurements of the intercondylar area were noted with digital Vernier caliper. The data was tabulated and analysed.Results: For the superior articular surface of medial condyle, anteroposterior length was found to be 4.12±0.42cm on left side and 4.17±0.50cm on right side; maximum width was found to be 2.81±0.59cm on left side and 2.78±0.34cm on right side. For the superior surface of lateral condyle, the anteroposterior length was found to be 3.92±0.30cm on left side and 3.66±0.31cm on right side whereas maximum width was found to be 3.12±0.68cm on left side and 2.87±0.55cm on right side. Anteroposterior length of intercondylar area was measured to be 4.31±0.40cm on left side and 4.18±0.44cm on right side. The transverse measurement was recorded to be 3.12±0.68cm (left side), 2.87±0.55cm (right side) anteriorly; 1.25±0.23cm (left side), 1.31±0.20cm (right side) in the middle and 1.28±0.39cm (left side), 1.85±0.42cm (right side) posteriorly.Conclusions: The results will be helpful in orthopaedic surgical procedures involving knee.
ABSTRACT
Introduction: Foramen ovale is one of the important foramen found in the greater wing of the sphenoid bone. Thestructures passing through the foramen are mandibular nerve, accessory meningeal artery, lesser petrosal nerveand emissary vein.The shape of the foramen is oval in shape. An anatomical study of the foramen was done tonote the size and shape of the foramen ovale.Material and methods: The study was done 50 human dry skull of unknown sex and age. The anterior posteriordiameter and transverse diameter was measured by a divider and meter scale.Result: The maximum anterior posterior diameter was found to 9.8mm on right side and 9.6mm on left side. Themaximum transverse diameter was found to be 4.6mm on right side and 4.7mm on left side. The mean anteriorposterior diameter on right is 7.11±1.688 and on the left was 6.53±1.333. The mean transverse diameter of theforamen on right was 3.148±0.686 and on the left was 3.2±0.678. The foramen ovale was found to be symmetricin 14% of the skulls. The shape of the foramen was found to be oval in 70%, almond in 18%, rounded in 8% andtriangular in 4%.Conclusion: The variation of the foramen ovale has a great clinical and surgical significance to the neurosurgeons and physicians before exploring the middle cranial fossa. It will help in diagnosis and treatment ofvarious vascular tumors and aneurysms